Covid-19 Vaccine: Different Types, How Does it Work & More

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August 25, 2022

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How Do Covid Vaccines Work?

Vaccination works in general by training the immune system to respond by producing antibodies to the infection. Vaccinations have been determined to be safe for a large percentage of the population and do not cause disease. The Covid-19 pandemic that has overtaken the world has forced vaccine developers to work under unprecedented conditions to come up with effective vaccines against Covid-19. They were able to produce vaccines in less than a year and also gained authorization to use these vaccines in different locations across the world. Governments across the globe are using the Covid vaccine registration app to keep track of the vaccinations administered to the general public. Covid vaccines were developed significantly faster than other vaccinations by leveraging existing vaccine technology and working along with health authorities.

Different Covid Vaccines & How They Work

The aim of each of the different Covid vaccines in existence today is to offer protection for Covid -19 or the SARS-CoV-2 virus to be exact. However, these vaccines use different vaccine technologies to arrive at the same goal. Let’s take a closer look at the different types of Covid vaccines and how they work:

mRNA vaccines

The first mRNA Covid vaccine available for human used outside of clinical trials was developed by the combined effort of BioNTech-Pfizer and Moderna. They leveraged an existing vaccine technology to develop the first mRNA Covid. mRNA vaccines carry a piece of messenger RNA or mRNA that has been chemically synthesized. This piece consists of the information required by your cells to develop the Covid-19 spike protein. This protein is then presented to the immune system, which then develops antibodies, resulting in long-lasting immunity in the form of B cell and T cell responses. You will not develop Covid-19 infection as a result of taking mRNA Covid vaccine since the vaccine does not carry the required instruction to create the entire coronavirus.

Viral Vector Vaccines

Similar to mRNA Covid vaccines, viral vector vaccines also do not contain the entire coronavirus. It makes use of a harmless virus to deliver the required gene to your cells that help develop the spike protein. The current Covid vaccines developed using this technology include Sputnik V, Oxford-AstraZeneca, and Johnson & Johnson Covid vaccines. These vaccines use different adenoviruses to deliver the gene. Adenoviruses are responsible for the common cold. The Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine uses ChAdOx1, a chimpanzee adenovirus vector. Johnson & Johnson Covid vaccine uses Ad26 as the delivery system while the Sputnik V vaccine uses Ad26 and Ad5 as the delivery system. These vaccinations are administered after Covid vaccine registration online to make the process more streamlined and organized. Viral vector vaccinations will not cause Covid-19 infection as the vaccine does not contain the entire Covid-19 virus.

Subunit vaccines

Subunit vaccines also carry only a part of the Covid-19 virus, like mRNA and viral vector vaccines. However, it works by delivering the protein directly rather than offering the required genetic code to make the spike protein. The Novavax COVID-19 vaccine is an example of a subunit vaccine. Vaccine developers produced large amounts of the Covid-19 spike protein in the lab by using insect cells which then form nanoparticles. The protein nanoparticles are not able to create a strong immune reaction on their own, so the Novavax vaccine includes an adjuvant. Subunit vaccinations will not cause Covid-19 infection as the vaccine does not contain the entire Covid-19 virus.

Inactivated vaccines

Unlike the other Covid vaccines mentioned above, inactivated vaccines contain the entire Covid-19 virus. The virus is inactivated through chemical modification so that it will not cause disease. The currently available inactivated vaccines include Sinovac and Sinopharm. You can avail this Covid vaccine India by booking an appointment through the official website. These vaccines use beta-propiolactone, a chemical, to inactivate the Covid-19 virus by modifying the virus’s genetic material. Inactivated vaccines can also not cause Covid-19 since the virus is not able to make copies of itself due to genetic modification. According to currently available covid vaccine statistics, these vaccines tend to be slightly less effective than the other vaccines mentioned earlier.

Who Should Get Covid Vaccines?

The Covid vaccines have been deemed to be safe for most people above 18 years of age. This includes people who have pre-existing conditions like auto-immune disorders, hypertension asthma, diabetes, pulmonary disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or any chronic infection that is under control. You can avail of the Covid vaccine registration facility and book yourself an appointment as soon as possible. It is wise to go for a COVID-19 Consultation for Adult before getting a Covid vaccination if you:

Are pregnant or breastfeeding
Have a weak immune system
Are severely frail
Have a history of severe allergies

Can Children Get Covid Vaccine?

The different Covid vaccines available currently have only been tested on adults. Since Covid-19 seemed to have a more serious effect on the older population, the vaccination was developed initially to protect them. Now that the vaccines are finally available, further tests need to be carried out to make sure that it is safe for children. In the meantime, you need to make sure that your kids comply with the social distancing rule, use their elbows for coughing or sneezing, wear a mask when going outside and clean their hands frequently. You can opt for COVID-19 Consultation for kids in your area to learn more about the rules applicable for kids in the current situation.

COVID-19 Online Consultations have made it easy for people with different health complications to find out whether they can go ahead and get the Covid vaccination or not. Once you can get the go-ahead signal from your doctor, head to the nearest Covid vaccine center near me and get yourself vaccinated. You need to continue following social distancing, mask-wearing, hand sanitization, and other protocols even if you have been vaccinated.

With the Covid-19 pandemic continuing in different parts of the globe, a Covid-19 vaccine will protect you from becoming seriously ill or even death. In order to attain long-term immunity to Covid-19, you will have to receive Covid vaccines according to health professionals all over the world.

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