Hematoma: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention

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Hematoma

What is a hematoma?Hematoma is the most common problem that occurs due to an abnormal collection of blood outside the blood vessel. This collection occurs where there is damage in arteries, veins, or capillaries, and the blood is leaked to the places where it does not belong. It may be just a tiny dot of blood in some cases but in some cases, it may cause swelling. It may occur anywhere in the body.Types of hematoma -There are following types of hematoma -

Ear Hematoma - It is between the cartilage of the ear and the skin on the top of it.

Subungual Hematoma - It is under the nail and can occur due to minor injuries.

Scalp Hematoma - It appears like a bump on the head. Since the damage is on the external skin, it won’t affect the brain.

Septal Hematoma - It is the result of a broken nose & may cause nasal problems.

Symptoms of a hematoma include:

Discoloration on the surface of the skin.
Swelling and inflammation
Redness and tenderness
Warmth in the skin near the discolored part or a hematoma.
Too much pain

Anyone who has recently met with an accident should regularly check in with the doctor to screen if there is an internal hematoma, as it is difficult to recognize. Also, the one on the skull part is particularly dangerous. The following symptoms should be checked out -

Drowsiness
Headache
Difficulty in moving legs & hands
Difficulty in swallowing

Who is at the risk of hematoma?It can affect both adults & children. But a few people are at a higher risk, like children have the high chances of getting bumps on the head.Also, people who are involved in physical activities or sports are at a high risk of hematoma.Causes of hematoma -Hematoma can be caused due to various reasons. Traumas and injuries are known to be the two major causes of a hematoma. Not all injuries cause a hematoma but a few injuries like those sustained from road accidents, falling from a height, etc. can cause a severe hematoma.Also, a few surgeries like dental or cosmetic operations may lead to a hematoma, as they can cause damage to the nearby tissues or blood vessels.Apart from that, people who take aspirin or warfarin on a regular basis may be likely to experience bleeding problems that may cause a hematoma. In some cases, a hematoma can occur due to an unknown reason too.Other conditions like menstruation, pregnancy, or labor or delivery can cause blood clots.Diagnosis of hematoma -Hematomas can be easily diagnosed by the physical examination alone. If the patient has met with an accident or is exhibiting the signs of internal bleeding, the doctors can decide the best way of diagnosing. X-rays can be done to assess the situation. Also, if there is head injury CT scan should be done.Hematoma Treatment -Mostly, hematoma cure does not require treatment as it may recover over the period of time. If the hematoma is under the skin, nail, or any other soft tissues, it can be treated by applying the ice on it, to reduce the pain or swelling.It is recommended to consult a doctor in case the injury does not heal. The hematoma doctor may recommend the pain relievers or medicines for hematoma if the injury is painful. Also, they will suggest avoiding various painkillers like aspirin, as it may make the hematoma worse by thinning the blood.In some cases, surgery is to be done if the blood is putting pressure on the brain, spinal cord, or any other organs. The hematoma drainage is done to eliminate the risk of infection. Only a few people need to go through the surgery.Cure fit is an emerging healthcare organization that has a team of specialized doctors who are capable of handling all the medical conditions and can guide you to the right specialist if needed. They have a panel of doctors whom you can contact for the consultation, full-body checkup, or diagnosis.Prevention from hematoma -It is not entirely possible to prevent a hematoma. But changes in daily lifestyle can prevent causing hematomas.Falls can be the major cause of hematomas, so it is suggested to prevent falls in order to avoid a hematoma. Also, if you have children at home, you should go for child-proofing home & furniture to decrease the hematomas in children.

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